Beta/photon emitters

GENERAL INFORMATION
Most drinking water sources have very low levels of radioactive contaminants ("radionuclides"), most of which are naturally occurring, although contamination of drinking water sources from human-made nuclear materials can also occur. Most radioactive contaminants are at levels that are low enough to not be considered a public health concern.

A Beta photon emitter is a type of atom that is unstable and will emit high energy photons while it decays to become more stable. These high energy photons can ionize molecules in the body, such as DNA, disrupting their function.

HEALTH EFFECTS
Some people who drink water containing beta particle and photon radioactivity in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Standard value 1: 
50.00
Standard units 1: 
pCi/L
Input units: 
pCi/L
Contaminant group: 
Radionuclide
Action is recommended 1: 

ADVISORY - ACTION IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED
Gross Beta levels were detected at greater than 50 pCi/L in your water sample. Additional analysis is needed to determine the source of the Beta radiation.

Action is optional 1: 

ACTION IS OPTIONAL
Beta/photon emitters levels were detected in your water sample but do not exceed the maximum contaminant level.

Major sources in drinking water: 
Decay of unstable nuclei in natural and man made materials.
Treatment options: 

TREATMENT OPTIONS

  • Ion Exchange: Ion exchange removes approximately 90 percent of radionuclides. The effluent must be regularly monitored and the resin must be frequently regenerated to ensure that breakthrough does not occur.
  • Reverse Osmosis (RO): RO system to remove radionuclides depends on a number of factors, including pH, turbidity, iron/manganese content of the raw water, and RO membrane type.
Website resources: 

WEBSITE RESOURCES

Fact sheets: 

FACT SHEETS